CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RELEVANCE OF FASCIOLA HEPATICA IN ANGOLA: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica) is a helminth that parasitizes the liver and bile ducts of its hosts, damaging these tissues. They are prevalent in cattle and sheep, but can also accidentally parasitize humans. The number of cases of fasciolosis is increasing rapidly in several countries, compromising the economy and the health of the areas where it occurs. However, in Angola, there is little information on fasciolosis, so we decided to conduct a literature review to analyze the clinical and epidemiological situation of Fasciola hepatica in Angola and provide a theoretical basis for future work. Publications from a 10-year period (2015–2025) were searched. The study examined 42 publications. The systematic review revealed that human fasciolosis has been documented in 12 African countries. Although Angola has no specific publications on the topic of Fasciola hepatica in humans, nor a fasciolosis control program, the Veterinary Services acknowledge the low diagnostic capacity of this parasitic disease in laboratories, as well as the lack of awareness among livestock farmers about the disease's importance. Although there is a report of a case of human fasciolosis in Angola, the lack of documentation on zoonoses does not mean the disease does not exist. Strengthening epidemiological surveillance, combined with improved diagnostic capacity, is essential for understanding the real situation of fasciolosis in the Angolan context, allowing for guidance on prevention strategies, early diagnosis, and control of the parasite.